Moving out of a rental can be exciting, whether you’re upgrading to a new home, relocating for work, or preparing to buy your first house. However, there’s one thing almost every renter wonders about before handing over the keys: Will I get my security deposit back?
Security deposits are one of the most common sources of confusion between landlords and tenants. Many renters aren’t sure what landlords can deduct from a security deposit, what qualifies as normal wear and tear, or how they can improve their chances of receiving their full deposit back.
As a REALTOR® who works with both landlords and tenants in Guam, I’ve seen how good communication and a little preparation can make the move-out process much smoother. In this guide, I’ll explain how security deposits generally work, share practical tips to help protect your deposit, and answer some of the most common questions renters have.
What Is a Security Deposit?
A security deposit is money paid at the beginning of your lease to help protect the landlord if certain lease obligations aren’t met. It isn’t an extra month’s rent or a cleaning fee. Instead, it’s intended to provide financial protection if there’s damage beyond normal wear and tear, unpaid rent, or other costs outlined in the lease.
Every lease is different, so it’s important to understand exactly what your security deposit covers before you sign.
Good to Know: Your lease should clearly explain the amount of your security deposit, when it may be used, and the conditions for its return.
Why Do Landlords Collect Security Deposits?
A security deposit helps reduce financial risk for property owners while encouraging tenants to take care of the home.
Depending on the lease, a security deposit may help cover things such as:
- Damage beyond normal wear and tear
- Unpaid rent
- Missing keys, garage remotes, or access devices
- Excessive cleaning required after move-out
- Other lease violations that result in financial loss
It isn’t meant to cover routine maintenance or the normal aging of a home.
Normal Wear and Tear vs. Damage
This is one of the biggest areas of misunderstanding.
Over time, every home experiences everyday use. Carpets wear down, paint fades, and flooring naturally ages. That’s generally considered normal wear and tear.
Damage is different. It usually results from neglect, accidents, misuse, or unauthorized alterations.
| Normal Wear and Tear | Damage |
|---|---|
| Minor carpet wear | Large stains or burns |
| Small nail holes from hanging pictures (if allowed) | Large holes in drywall |
| Faded paint from sunlight | Painting walls without permission |
| Loose door handles from normal use | Broken doors or cabinets |
| Worn flooring over time | Cracked tiles caused by impact |
Every situation is different, so your lease and the condition of the property will help determine what is considered damage.
From My Experience
One thing I’ve noticed over the years is that security deposit disputes often begin long before move-out.
Sometimes a tenant notices a small issue but doesn’t report it because they assume it’s not a big deal. Other times, a landlord discovers damage during the final inspection and has no idea when it happened.
One situation that has always stuck with me involved termite damage. A tenant noticed what they thought was minor damage around the home but didn’t realize it was caused by termites. Since they didn’t think it was anything serious, they never reported it. By the time the problem was discovered, the infestation had spread, and the repairs ended up costing the property owner thousands of dollars.
The tenant wasn’t trying to hide anything. They simply didn’t recognize the warning signs. That’s exactly why I encourage renters to report anything unusual as soon as they notice it. You don’t have to know what’s causing the problem. Your job is simply to communicate what you’ve observed so it can be investigated before it becomes something much bigger.
Quick Tip: If something makes you wonder whether you should report it, that’s usually a good sign that you should.
How to Protect Your Security Deposit
The good news is that protecting your security deposit usually comes down to good habits throughout your lease, not just cleaning before move-out.
Here are a few ways to help protect your deposit:
- Read your lease carefully before signing.
- Complete a detailed move-in inspection.
- Take photos and videos before moving furniture into the home.
- Report maintenance issues promptly.
- Save emails, texts, and maintenance requests.
- Keep the property clean and well cared for.
- Ask for approval before making alterations.
- Get written approval before bringing home a pet.
- Notify your landlord before a new occupant moves in.
- Provide written notice before moving out, according to your lease.
These simple steps create a record of responsible tenancy and can help prevent misunderstandings later.
Common Mistakes That Can Affect Your Security Deposit
Many deductions are preventable. Some of the most common issues include:
- Waiting too long to report maintenance concerns
- Leaving excessive trash or personal belongings behind
- Damage caused by pets that weren’t approved
- Unauthorized occupants living in the home
- Missing keys, remotes, or parking passes
- Painting or making alterations without permission
- Moving out without providing the required written notice
Most landlords appreciate tenants who communicate openly. If you’re unsure about something, it’s always better to ask than assume.
Before You Move Out
Moving day can feel hectic, but spending a little extra time preparing the home can make a big difference.
Before returning the keys:
- Remove all personal belongings.
- Clean appliances inside and out.
- Wipe cabinets and countertops.
- Sweep and mop floors.
- Remove all trash.
- Return every key, mailbox key, garage remote, and access device.
- Take photos after cleaning.
- Ask whether a pre-move-out walkthrough is available.
From My Experience
One of the easiest ways to avoid surprises is to ask your landlord or property manager if they’ll do a walkthrough before your final move-out inspection.
Not every landlord offers one, but if they do, it gives you the opportunity to correct small issues before deductions become necessary.
What If You Have Questions About Your Security Deposit?
Every lease is different, and Guam has laws that govern landlord-tenant relationships. This article is intended for general educational purposes and shouldn’t be considered legal advice.
If you have questions about your lease, your security deposit, or a dispute with your landlord, it’s a good idea to review your lease carefully and seek guidance from a qualified attorney or the appropriate Guam government resources.
Need More Information?
Want to read Guam’s landlord-tenant laws yourself? The Guam Judiciary publishes the official Guam Code Annotated online, making it easy to explore the statutes that apply to residential rentals.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can my landlord deduct money for normal wear and tear?
Generally, routine aging and everyday use are different from damage. Review your lease and applicable Guam laws if you have questions about your specific situation.
Can my landlord charge for cleaning?
It depends on the condition of the property and the terms of your lease.
Should I take pictures before moving out?
Absolutely. Taking photos before you leave provides documentation of the home’s condition after you’ve cleaned and removed your belongings.
What if I disagree with a deduction?
Start by reviewing your lease and discussing the concern with your landlord or property manager. If you still have questions, you may wish to seek legal guidance.
Final Thoughts
Your security deposit isn’t something to stress over. It’s something to prepare for.
By understanding your lease, communicating early, documenting the condition of the property, and taking good care of your rental throughout your tenancy, you’ll put yourself in the best position for a smooth move-out experience.
Whether you’re renting your first apartment or your fifth home in Guam, these simple habits can help protect both your security deposit and your relationship with your landlord or property manager.
If you’re planning a move to Guam and want more guidance, reach out anytime. I’m your homegirl.
